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manual/docs/DQL (Doctrine Query Language) - Conditional expressions - Exists Expressions.php

+Syntax:
+<div class='sql'>
+<pre>
+<i>operand</i> [NOT ]EXISTS (<i>subquery</i>)
+</pre>
+</div>
+The EXISTS operator returns TRUE if the subquery returns one or more rows and FALSE otherwise. <br \>
+<br \>
+The NOT EXISTS operator returns TRUE if the subquery returns 0 rows and FALSE otherwise.<br \>
+<br \>
+Finding all articles which have readers:
+<div class='sql'>
+<pre>
+FROM Article
+  WHERE EXISTS (FROM ReaderLog(id)
+                WHERE ReaderLog.article_id = Article.id)
+</pre>
+</div>
+Finding all articles which don't have readers:
+<div class='sql'>
+<pre>
+FROM Article
+  WHERE NOT EXISTS (FROM ReaderLog(id)
+                WHERE ReaderLog.article_id = Article.id)
+</pre>
+</div>     

manual/docs/DQL (Doctrine Query Language) - Conditional expressions - In expressions.php

 Syntax:
 <div class='sql'>
 <pre>
-<i>operand</i> IN (<i>subquery</i>|<i>valuelist</i>)
+<i>operand</i> IN (<i>subquery</i>|<i>value list</i>)
 </pre>
 </div>
 An IN conditional expression returns true if the <i>operand</i> is found from result of the <i>subquery</i>
-or if its in the specificied comma separated <i>valuelist</i>, hence the IN expression is always false if the result of the subquery
+or if its in the specificied comma separated <i>value list</i>, hence the IN expression is always false if the result of the subquery
 is empty.
 
+When <i>value list</i> is being used there must be at least one element in that list.
+
 <div class='sql'>
 <pre>
 FROM C1 WHERE C1.col1 IN (FROM C2(col1));

manual/docs/DQL (Doctrine Query Language) - Conditional expressions - Literals.php

+<b>Strings</b><br \>
+
+A string literal is enclosed in single quotes—for example: 'literal'. A string literal that includes a single
+quote is represented by two single quotes—for example: 'literal''s'.
+<div class='sql'>
+<pre>
+FROM User WHERE User.name = 'Vincent'
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+<b>Integers</b><br \>
+Integer literals support the use of PHP integer literal syntax.
+<div class='sql'>
+<pre>
+FROM User WHERE User.id = 4
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+<b>Floats</b><br \>
+Float literals support the use of PHP float literal syntax.
+<div class='sql'>
+<pre>
+FROM Account WHERE Account.amount = 432.123
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+<br \>
+<b>Booleans</b><br \>
+The boolean literals are true and false.
+
+<div class='sql'>
+<pre>
+FROM User WHERE User.admin = true
+
+FROM Session WHERE Session.is_authed = false
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+<br \>
+<b>Enums</b><br \>
+The enumerated values work in the same way as string literals.
+
+<div class='sql'>
+<pre>
+FROM User WHERE User.type = 'admin'
+</pre>
+</div>
+
+<br \>
+Predefined reserved literals are case insensitive, although its a good standard to write them in uppercase.

manual/docs/DQL (Doctrine Query Language) - Conditional expressions - Subqueries.php

+A subquery can contain any of the keywords or clauses that an ordinary SELECT query can contain.
+<br \><br \>
+Some advantages of the subqueries:
+<ul>
+<li \>They allow queries that are structured so that it is possible to isolate each part of a statement.
+
+<li \>They provide alternative ways to perform operations that would otherwise require complex joins and unions.
+
+<li \>They are, in many people's opinion, readable. Indeed, it was the innovation of subqueries that gave people the original idea of calling the early SQL “Structured Query Language.”
+
+</ul>