also refactors URL path evaluation into smaller methods

fixes #1106

fix usage of PDO::PGSQL_ATTR_DISABLE_PREPARES for pdo_pgsql extension setups not built from PHP core

fixes #2249

fixes #1339
closes #921

* fix tests to use new CTE-based method

Can't use short array in php < 5.4

Add a unit-test to verify that when statements throw exceptions, the logger still has stopQuery called.

fixed typo